Fraud

Computer fraud is any dishonest misrepresentation of fact intended to induce another to do or to avoid from doing something which causes loss. In this frame, the fraud will result in obtaining a benefit by:

• altering computer input in an unauthorized way. This requires technical expertise and it is an common form of theft by employees altering the data before entry or entering false data, or by entering unauthorized instructions or using unauthorized processes
  



• destoying, altering, suppressing, or stealing output, usually to conceal unauthorized transactions: this is difficult to detect
  



• deleting or altering stored data
  



• altering or misusing system tools or software packages, or altering or writing code for inappropriate purposes. This requires real programming skills and is not common.
  

Other forms of fraud may be facilitated using computer systems, including bank fraud, identity theft, salami shaving, and theft of classified information